Molecule capable of inhibiting DNA replication in bacteria discovered

Researchers from the Mycobacteria Research Group belonging to the Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB); the Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC); and the Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), published a study in the journal PLOS ONE describing a new molecule with the potential of becoming a new antibacterial agent concept, given that it acts specifically on a bacterial enzyme which inhibits its reproduction. The discovery is highly relevant due to the fact that, according to a study by the European Drug Agency, bacteria is becoming increasingly resistant to existing agents and there is the need for the development of new antibiotics.
 
The new molecule, known as M-HA, inhibits the enzyme which is essential for the replication and reparation of bacterial DNA, the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and, in addition, shows low toxicity in eukaryote cells (as in humans), which therefore represents a large improvement on existing RNR inhibitor drugs, which are mainly used against cancer and other extremely toxic viruses since they are too strong to be used as antibacterial agents.
 
Antibiotics are essential in all health systems. The advances in modern medicine which we consider to be so common today, such as an increased safety in birthing, caring for preterm babies, surgeries, treating pneumonia, organ transplants and chemotherapy would not be possible without antibiotics. The resistance to antibiotics is a global health problem. Every year, 50,000 patients die of infections caused by multiresistant bacteria in Europe and the United States.